体脂率
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体重指数 (BMI)
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体脂重量
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瘦体重
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什么是体脂率?为什么它比BMI更可靠?

体脂率(Body Fat Percentage)是指人体内脂肪重量占总体重的百分比。与BMI不同,体脂率直接反映体内脂肪与肌肉的构成,能更精确地判断一个人是否真正“肥胖”。例如,一位肌肉发达的运动员可能BMI偏高,但体脂率正常;相反,一位看似苗条的人可能体脂率过高(隐性肥胖)。

美国海军体脂公式

本计算器采用美国海军(U.S. Navy)开发的体型估算法。该方法通过对颈围、腰围、臀围(女性)和身高的简单测量,代入经验公式,即可较为准确地估算体脂率。其优势在于无需专业设备,在家中用软尺即可完成测量。

公式来源:U.S. Navy Circumference Method (Hodgdon & Beckett, 1984) 男性: 体脂率 = 495 ÷ (1.0324 - 0.19077 × log10(腰围-颈围) + 0.15456 × log10(身高)) - 450

女性: 体脂率 = 495 ÷ (1.29579 - 0.35004 × log10(腰围+臀围-颈围) + 0.22100 × log10(身高)) - 450

测量示例: 一名身高175cm、体重75kg的男性,颈围38cm,腰围85cm。代入公式:

495 ÷ (1.0324 - 0.19077 × log10(85-38) + 0.15456 × log10(175)) - 450 ≈ 19.3%

该男性体脂率约19.3%,根据ACE标准属于“偏胖”范畴。

体脂率分类标准(ACE)

  • 必需脂肪: 男性 2-5%,女性 10-13%
  • 运动员: 男性 6-13%,女性 14-20%
  • 健康/标准: 男性 14-17%,女性 21-24%
  • 偏胖: 男性 18-24%,女性 25-31%
  • 肥胖: 男性 ≥25%,女性 ≥32%

常见问题

体脂率多少算健康?

男性健康范围通常为 14-17%,女性为 21-24%。但年龄、种族也会影响标准,建议结合自身运动表现和体检报告综合判断。

为什么我的BMI正常但体脂率高?

这叫“隐性肥胖”或“瘦胖子”,常见于缺乏运动、肌肉量低的人。脂肪主要堆积在内脏周围,BMI无法反映这一风险。

这个计算器适用所有人吗?

海军公式对大众人群的估算误差较小,但对于极端体型(如健美运动员)或孕妇、儿童,结果可能偏差较大,仅作参考。

如何提高测量准确性?

使用柔软卷尺,保持水平且贴合但不过紧。在早晨空腹、排泄后测量,多次测量取平均值。

Body Fat %
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BMI
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Fat Mass
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Lean Mass
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What is Body Fat Percentage? Why is it better than BMI?

Body fat percentage directly measures the proportion of fat in your body. Unlike BMI, it distinguishes between muscle and fat, giving a clearer picture of health. Athletes with high muscle mass may have a high BMI but low body fat.

U.S. Navy Method

Developed by the U.S. Navy, this method uses circumference measurements and height to estimate body fat percentage. It requires only a tape measure and provides results within ±3% for most people.

Source: U.S. Navy Circumference Method Male: BF% = 495 ÷ (1.0324 - 0.19077 × log10(waist-neck) + 0.15456 × log10(height)) - 450

Female: BF% = 495 ÷ (1.29579 - 0.35004 × log10(waist+hip-neck) + 0.22100 × log10(height)) - 450

Example: Male, 175cm height, 75kg weight, neck 38cm, waist 85cm → BF% ≈ 19.3%

Body Fat Classification (ACE)

  • Essential fat: men 2-5%, women 10-13%
  • Athletes: men 6-13%, women 14-20%
  • Fitness: men 14-17%, women 21-24%
  • Acceptable: men 18-24%, women 25-31%
  • Obese: men ≥25%, women ≥32%

FAQ

Is this calculator accurate for everyone?

It works well for the general population but may be less accurate for very muscular individuals or pregnant women.

My BMI is normal but body fat is high. Why?

This is called "normal weight obesity" or "skinny fat". You may have low muscle mass and higher visceral fat, which BMI cannot detect.

How can I improve measurement accuracy?

Use a flexible tape, keep it level and snug but not tight. Measure in the morning after using the toilet and before eating, and take multiple readings.